Introducing the 12 Amazing Wrist Voice Recorder For 2023. In today's fast-paced world, staying organized and capturing important moments on the go has never been more crucial. Wrist voice recorders have become an innovative solution, combining convenience and functionality in one stylish device. Whether it's recording lectures, interviews, or personal memos, these wrist voice recorders offer remarkable features and cutting-edge technology that will revolutionize how you document your daily life. Join us as we explore the top 12 wrist voice recorders for 2023, designed to enhance productivity and elevate your recording experience to new heights.
Overall Score: 7/10
The BestRec 16GB Digital Voice Recorder Watch is a fashionable and wearable recording device that can expand your memory and change your life. With a comfortable wrist strap and a sleek silver black design, this small wrist recorder is easy to use and features high-quality recording. It has a built-in MP3 player, allowing you to not only record audio but also listen to music. The recorder has 16GB of storage and a built-in rechargeable battery that provides 20 hours of continuous recording. Files can be easily transferred to your computer using the included USB cable. However, some customers have reported issues with durability and difficulty in deleting recordings. Overall, the BestRec 16GB Digital Voice Recorder Watch is a handy device for recording audio on the go.
Key Features
- Fashionable Design
- Easy to use
- Recording Quality
- MP3 Player
- Easy Transfer
Specifications
- Color: Silver Black
- Dimension: 2.00Lx0.73Wx0.45H
- Size: 2 x 0.73 x 0.45In
Pros
- Comfortable and fashionable wrist strap
- High-quality recording
- Built-in MP3 player
- Easy file transfer
Cons
- Durability issues
- Difficulty in deleting recordings
- Lacks a watch display
The BestRec 16GB Digital Voice Recorder Watch is a practical device for those who need to record audio on the go. Its fashionable design and comfortable wrist strap make it a convenient accessory. The high-quality recording and built-in MP3 player add to its functionality. However, some users have experienced durability issues and difficulty in managing recordings. It would also benefit from a watch display for better usability. Overall, if you’re looking for a discreet and portable voice recorder, the BestRec 16GB Digital Voice Recorder Watch may be a suitable choice.
Overall Score: 7.5/10
The Voice Recorder Watch is a versatile device that combines a voice recorder and a wristwatch in one. With its upgraded noise cancelling technology, it offers premium sound quality and an authentic stereo experience. The recorder supports continuous voice recording, voice activated mode, and timer recording for added convenience. It also features password protection to keep your recorded files secure. The device supports multiple languages, has a simple menu operation, and allows one-click recording for quick and easy voice capturing. Additionally, it can be used as an alarm clock and e-book reader. The only drawbacks are that the sound quality may not be as clear as some users would prefer and the watch may be difficult to view in bright sunlight. Overall, the Voice Recorder Watch is a multifunctional gadget that provides a convenient and reliable way to record audio on the go.
Key Features
- Voice recording, Voice activated & Timer recording
- Password protection
- Multi-Languages
- Menu operation
- One-Click recording
- Multifunctional
Specifications
- Dimension: 1.52Lx0.61Wx10.63H
Pros
- Professional sound quality with upgraded noise cancelling technology
- Voice activated and timer recording for convenience
- Password protection for file security
- Supports multiple languages for easy use
- Simple menu operation for quick navigation
- One-click recording for instant voice capturing
- Multi-functional device with e-book reading capability
Cons
- Sound quality may not be as clear as expected
- Difficult to view in bright sunlight
The Voice Recorder Watch is a useful tool for those who need a portable recording device with extra features. It offers good sound quality, convenient recording options, and secure file protection. The multi-language support and simple menu operation make it easy to use. Despite some minor drawbacks in sound clarity and sunlight visibility, it serves its purpose well. Whether you’re a writer, journalist, or simply someone who likes to capture moments, this device is a handy companion. With its sleek design and functionality, it can be worn every day as a stylish wristwatch. The Voice Recorder Watch is a practical gadget that combines technology and fashion, making it a worthwhile investment.
Overall Score: 7/10
The Digital Voice Recorder Bracelet is a unique and stylish wristband that doubles as a digital watch and voice recorder. With its built-in 32GB memory, it can support up to 20 hours of continuous audio recording. This bracelet voice recorder features voice-activated recording, allowing it to automatically start recording when sound is detected. It also has a playback function, allowing you to listen to your recordings directly from the device. The recorder is compatible with both Mac and Windows, making it easy to transfer files. With its simple one-button design, this bracelet voice recorder is perfect for business, school, lectures, and personal dictation.
Key Features
- Unique wristband design with date and time display
- 32GB memory for 20 hours of continuous recording
- Voice-activated recording and continuous recording options
- Playback function with built-in speaker
- Compatibility with Mac and Windows
- Simple and easy to use with one-button design
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 0.98Lx0.59Wx10.63H
Pros
- Stylish and discreet design
- Large memory capacity for long recordings
- Voice-activated recording prevents silent recordings
- Easy playback without the need for a computer
- Compatible with both Mac and Windows
- Simple and intuitive operation
Cons
- Screen covered by black plastic, making it difficult to see
- Band feels slightly cheap
- No discrete on-off function
- Battery not removable, making it difficult to stop playback
- Limited functionality as a watch
The Digital Voice Recorder Bracelet offers a convenient and discreet way to record audio. Its stylish wristband design and simple operation make it suitable for various situations, from lectures to personal dictation. The large memory capacity ensures ample storage for recordings, while the voice-activated recording feature helps avoid unnecessary silent recordings. The playback function allows for easy review of recordings directly from the device. Though the screen visibility and band quality could be improved, overall, this recorder offers good performance and compatibility with both Mac and Windows. It may not be the most advanced voice recorder, but for those seeking a reliable and user-friendly option, this bracelet voice recorder is worth considering.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
The 64GB Digital Voice Recorder is a professional recording device that allows you to easily record lectures, meetings, and more. With a large capacity of 64GB, it can store up to 776 hours of recording files. The AI + DSP chip with intelligent digital noise reduction ensures clear and natural sound quality. The voice-activated function saves memory space and only records when it detects speaking words. It is easy to use with one-click recording and has a built-in rechargeable battery that supports up to 12 hours of continuous recording. This recorder is not only functional but also a great gift for students, professionals, and teachers.
Key Features
- Large 64GB capacity for ample storage
- Intelligent digital noise reduction for clear audio
- Voice-activated function to save memory space
- Easy one-click recording
- Built-in rechargeable battery with long battery life
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 2.36Lx0.79Wx0.79H
Pros
- Ample storage capacity
- Clear and natural sound quality
- Voice-activated function saves memory space
- Easy to use with one-click recording
- Long battery life
Cons
- Confusing user interface
- Lack of clear instructions
- Short battery life after a few months of use
The 64GB Digital Voice Recorder is a reliable and convenient device for recording lectures, meetings, and more. It offers a large storage capacity, clear sound quality, and a voice-activated function to save memory space. While the user interface may be confusing for some and the instructions are lacking, this recorder is still a valuable tool for students, professionals, and teachers. Its long battery life ensures that you can record for extended periods, and the easy-to-use features make it a practical choice. Overall, the 64GB Digital Voice Recorder is a worthwhile investment for anyone in need of a reliable audio recording device.
Overall Score: 8/10
The 64GB Digital Voice Recorder for Lectures Meetings is a versatile audio recording device that is perfect for various purposes. With its dual high-sensitivity omnidirectional microphone, it offers superior recording quality and automatic noise reduction. The recorder is simple to use with just one button for recording, saving, deleting, and A-B mode. It also comes with a range of features such as password protection, variable playback speed, MP3 player, and line-in. The device supports timed recording and has a generous 64GB storage capacity. It also features voice activated recording to capture only relevant audio. The recordings come with time stamps for easy organization, and the files can be quickly transferred to a computer. Overall, this voice recorder is ideal for lectures, meetings, interviews, and more.
Key Features
- Voice Recorder Stereo Recording
- Simple To Use
- Timed Recording & 64GB Digital Recorder
- Voice Activated Recorder
- Fast File Download
Specifications
- Dimension: 4.02Lx1.30Wx0.47H
Pros
- High-quality recording with automatic noise reduction
- Easy to use with intuitive navigation menu
- Ample storage capacity
- Voice activated recording for efficiency
- Fast file transfer to computer
Cons
- Poorly defined instruction manual
- Limited recording duration options
- Lack of clear customer support information
The 64GB Digital Voice Recorder for Lectures Meetings is a reliable and efficient audio recording device. Its high-quality recording capabilities, user-friendly interface, and ample storage capacity make it an excellent choice for various applications. While the instruction manual may be confusing and the recording duration options limited, these minor drawbacks are outweighed by the device’s performance and value for money. Whether you’re a student, professional, or enthusiast, this voice recorder is a great tool to capture and store important audio content. Overall, it offers a convenient and reliable solution for recording lectures, meetings, interviews, speeches, and more.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
The Voice Recorder Bracelet Watch is a wearable device that combines a voice recorder with a stylish watch. It features a HD screen with a backlit LCD display to clearly show the time. The watch has a 16GB memory capacity and long battery life, allowing you to record audio for an extended period of time. With multiple recording modes, including continuous recording, voice-activated recording, and timer recording, you can choose the most suitable mode for your needs. The watch also has a playback function that supports MP3 files and includes features like A-B repetition, fast forward, alarm clock, E-Book, and more. It offers password protection to secure your recordings and has a clear and easy-to-read display. Perfect for students, professionals, and anyone who needs a convenient and discreet way to capture audio.
Key Features
- Wearable Digital Voice Recorder Watch with HD Screen
- 16GB large capacity and long battery life
- Multiple recording modes: continuous, voice-activated, timer
- Super easy to use with one-key operation
- Password protection for privacy
- Playback function with MP3 support
- Digital noise reduction technology
- Includes alarm clock, E-Book, and other functions
Specifications
- Dimension: 0.61Lx1.51Wx10.63H
Pros
- Stylish and functional design
- Large memory capacity
- Clear and easy-to-read display
- Multiple recording modes for convenience
- Password protection for privacy
Cons
- No touch screen function
- Limited color options
- No wireless connectivity
The Voice Recorder Bracelet Watch is a versatile device that combines style and functionality. With its sleek design and convenient recording features, it is suitable for various purposes such as capturing lectures, meetings, or personal reminders. The watch’s large memory capacity and long battery life ensure that you can record audio for extended periods without worry. The playback function with MP3 support and digital noise reduction technology enhance the audio quality, making it a reliable tool for recording important moments. The password protection feature adds a layer of privacy and security to your recordings. Overall, the Voice Recorder Bracelet Watch is a practical and discreet device that offers great value for its price.
Overall Score: 8.2/10
The 72GB Digital Voice Recorder is a high-quality audio recording device that is perfect for lectures, meetings, interviews, and more. It features HD recording with automatic noise reduction, providing clear and crisp sound quality. With its large 72GB memory capacity, it can store up to 3343 hours of recording files. The voice activated function allows for easy and convenient recording, while the simple three-button operation makes it user-friendly. The recorder also offers various features such as A-B repeat, fast forward, rewind, mp3 player, and password protection. It is compact, portable, and easy to use, making it a must-have device for anyone in need of a reliable voice recorder.
Key Features
- HD Recording & Automatic Noise Reduction
- 72GB Large Capacity in Memory
- Voice Activated Recorder
- Simple To Use and Multi-function
- Easy Files Management
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 4.10Lx1.10Wx0.39H
Pros
- High-quality sound with noise reduction
- Large memory capacity
- Voice activated function for convenience
- Easy to use with intuitive navigation
- Compact and portable design
Cons
- Fiddly controls
- Mediocre audio quality for music
- Low-quality audio playback speaker
- Small and pixelated LED screen
The 72GB Digital Voice Recorder is an excellent choice for those in need of a reliable and versatile audio recording device. With its high-quality sound, large memory capacity, and user-friendly design, it can meet all your recording needs. Whether you’re attending lectures, conducting interviews, or participating in meetings, this recorder will ensure that you never miss any important content. While it may have some minor drawbacks such as fiddly controls and average audio quality for music, its overall performance and portability make it a valuable tool. If you’re looking for a compact and feature-rich voice recorder, the 72GB Digital Voice Recorder is definitely worth considering.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
The Telele Digital Audio Recorder is a compact and stylish device that offers a recording capacity of 750 hours and a battery life of 25 hours. Made of high-quality titanium alloy, it is durable and resistant to drops. With its unique leaf shape and sleek design, it also makes for a luxurious gift. The recorder features one-key operation for easy recording, as well as a fast forward/rewind button for quick navigation. It utilizes PCM intelligent noise reduction technology for high-definition stereo sound. Additionally, it comes with a 1-year warranty and supports OTG function for Android phones. Overall, the Telele Digital Audio Recorder is a reliable and convenient device for recording meetings, lectures, interviews, and more.
Key Features
- 64GB large recording capacity
- 25 hours of battery life
- One-key operation for easy recording
- Fast forward and rewind button
- PCM intelligent noise reduction for HD sound
- Supports OTG function for Android phones
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimensions: 0.31Lx1.20Wx2.99H
- Size: 0.8*2.6*7.6cm
Pros
- Compact and stylish design
- Durable and drop-resistant
- High-quality sound recording
- Long battery life
- Convenient one-key operation
- Supports OTG function
Cons
- Cord connecting the device may be fragile
The Telele Digital Audio Recorder is a reliable and feature-packed device that offers excellent sound quality and a large recording capacity. Its stylish design and durability make it an ideal gift option. While the cord connecting the device may be a bit fragile, the overall performance and functionality of the recorder are impressive. With its easy one-key operation and fast forward/rewind button, it is perfect for capturing important lectures, interviews, meetings, and more. Additionally, the PCM intelligent noise reduction technology ensures clear and high-definition sound. Overall, the Telele Digital Audio Recorder is a great investment for professionals, students, and anyone in need of a portable recording device.
Overall Score: 8/10
The GARMAY Digital Voice Recorder is a powerful and versatile device that offers an upgraded 48GB memory capacity and 1536KBPS HD stereo recording. With intelligent noise reduction technology and a long battery life of up to 32 hours, this voice recorder is perfect for recording meetings, lectures, interviews, and more. It also features a voice-activated recording function, making it easy to capture important moments without missing a word. The recorder allows for easy file transfer to a computer and even doubles as an MP3 player. With its compact and portable design, the GARMAY Digital Voice Recorder is a valuable tool for students, professionals, and anyone who needs a reliable recording device.
Key Features
- 48GB Large Capacity in Memory
- 1536KBPS HD Stereo & DSP Intelligent Noise Reduction
- 32h Battery Time & Voice Activated Recorder
- Easy Transfer File to Computer & Download Music
- Multi-function & Excellent value for money & portable
Specifications
- Dimension: 3.93Lx1.33Wx0.40H
- Size: 48GB
Pros
- Large storage capacity for long recordings
- High-quality stereo recording with noise reduction
- Long battery life and voice-activated recording
- Easy file transfer and versatile functionality
- Compact and portable design
Cons
- Initial start recording delay
- Manual lacks clarity and details
- Not clear if it records in stereo
The GARMAY Digital Voice Recorder is a feature-packed device that offers excellent value for the price. With its large storage capacity, high-quality recording, and long battery life, it’s a reliable choice for capturing important audio. The voice-activated recording feature and easy file transfer options make it convenient to use in various settings. However, the initial start recording delay and unclear manual may be minor drawbacks for some users. Overall, this recorder is a solid option for students, professionals, and anyone in need of a portable and versatile recording device.
Overall Score: 8/10
The 32GB Voice Recorder by Vandlion is a compact and portable device that is perfect for recording lectures, interviews, meetings, and more. With 32GB of memory, it can store up to 750 hours of recordings in WAV format. It features HQ recording microphones with intelligent dynamic noise reduction for clear and natural sound. The voice activated mode and long battery life ensure efficient recording by automatically starting and stopping based on detected sound. The recorder has one-key operation and time stamp for easy use and file management. It is also a professional MP3 player and USB drive. Overall, this voice recorder offers excellent features and functionality.
Key Features
- 32GB digital recorder with compact size
- HQ recording and noise reduction
- Voice activated mode and long battery life
- One-key operation and time stamp
- Ideal for memos, lectures, meetings, interviews
- Lifetime support from the customer service team
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 2.76Lx0.00Wx0.31H
Pros
- Ample storage capacity for long recordings
- Clear and natural sound quality
- Easy to use and portable design
- Can be used as an MP3 player and USB drive
- Lifetime customer support
Cons
- Requires connecting to a computer for file management
- Background noise if the device is not held still
- Not instantly playbackable from the device
- May stop working after limited use
The Vandlion 32GB Voice Activated Recorder is a versatile and reliable device that offers ample storage, clear sound quality, and convenient features. Its compact size makes it easy to carry anywhere, and the voice activated mode ensures no wasted recording time. The one-key operation and time stamp feature add to its user-friendliness. The only drawbacks are the need for a computer for file management and the potential for limited durability. Overall, if you’re in need of a portable and efficient voice recorder, this product is a great choice.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
The 64GB Digital Voice Recorder by Wohlman is a powerful audio recording device that is perfect for lectures, meetings, and other important events. With its sensitive microphone and professional recording IC, it provides high-quality recording up to 1536Kbps PCM. The recorder has a large capacity of 64GB, allowing you to store up to 4880 hours of recording files. It also features a built-in rechargeable battery that provides up to 25 hours of continuous recording. The device is easy to use, with a one-key recording function and easy file management. It even has a power-on password protection feature to keep your recordings secure. With its compact size and lightweight design, this recorder is portable and convenient to carry around. Overall, the 64GB Digital Voice Recorder is a reliable and versatile device for all your recording needs.
Key Features
- 1536Kbps PCM High Quality Recording
- 64GB Memory Capacity
- 25H Battery Time
- Power-on Password Protection
- Tape Recorder Portable
- Easy Management of Recording Files
- Voice Activated Recorder
- Recording Timing Controller
Specifications
- Color: V64
Pros
- High-quality recording
- Large storage capacity
- Long battery life
- Password protection
- Portable and compact
- Easy file management
- Voice activated recording
- Recording timing controller
Cons
- Clunky user interface
- Small screen and buttons
- Hard-to-follow instructions
The 64GB Digital Voice Recorder by Wohlman offers impressive functionality and performance. With its high-quality recording capabilities, large storage capacity, and long battery life, it is a reliable device for capturing important audio. The power-on password protection feature adds an extra layer of security to your recordings, while its portable and compact design makes it convenient to carry around. However, the user interface can be clunky, and the small screen and buttons may be a drawback for some users. Additionally, the instructions can be hard to follow. Despite these minor flaws, the Wohlman Digital Voice Recorder is a great choice for students, professionals, and anyone in need of a reliable recording device.
Overall Score: 8/10
The 64GB TCTEC Keychain Voice Recorder is a practical and versatile device that can function as both a keychain and a recorder. Its compact size allows for easy portability, making it ideal for taking on the go. With 64GB of storage, it can hold up to 750 hours of recording files, and the new battery provides up to 15 hours of continuous recording. The device is also user-friendly, with simple one-button operation and a headphone jack for playback. It features high-quality sound recording with noise reduction technology and voice activation. Additionally, it offers USB-C connectivity for easy file transfer to your computer. The 64GB TCTEC Keychain Voice Recorder makes for a perfect gift and is suitable for various professional settings such as meetings, interviews, and lectures.
Key Features
- Light and practical design
- 64GB storage capacity
- Long battery life
- Easy to use with one-button operation
- High-quality recording sound
- Voice activation feature
- USB-C connection for easy file transfer
- Perfect gift for loved ones
Specifications
- Dimension: 0.35Lx0.80Wx2.60H
Pros
- Compact and portable design
- Ample storage capacity
- Long battery life
- High-quality audio recording
- User-friendly operation
- Voice-activated mode for power and time-saving
- Easy file transfer with USB-C connectivity
- Ideal gift for professionals
Cons
- Metal casing may cause vibration noise in recordings
- File format is stored as compressed WAV
- Inability to change date/time
The 64GB TCTEC Keychain Voice Recorder is a versatile and practical device that offers an excellent combination of portability, storage capacity, and audio quality. Its compact size and keychain design make it easy to carry around, while the 64GB storage ensures ample space for all your recordings. The long battery life and user-friendly operation further enhance its usability. The high-quality recording sound and voice activation feature provide clear and noise-free audio. Although there are minor drawbacks such as the possibility of vibration noise and the file format being compressed WAV, overall, this device makes for a reliable and convenient option for various recording needs. Whether it’s for professional use or as a thoughtful gift, the 64GB TCTEC Keychain Voice Recorder is a recommended choice.
Wrist Voice Recorder Buyer's Guide
Looking to find the perfect wrist voice recorder to accompany you on your daily adventures? Look no further! We've put together a comprehensive buyer's guide that will help you understand everything you need to consider before making your purchase. Get ready to embark on a journey of discovery and find the voice recorder that will be your perfect companion!
Key Features
Here are some key features to consider when choosing a wrist voice recorder:
- Recording Quality: Look for a voice recorder that provides high-quality audio recording to ensure your voice notes are clear and crisp.
- Storage Capacity: Consider the storage capacity of the wrist voice recorder, as it determines how many voice recordings you can store without needing to transfer or delete them.
- Battery Life: One of the essential aspects to consider is the battery life of the wrist voice recorder. Make sure it can last long enough for your intended use without frequent recharging.
- Connectivity Options: Some voice recorders offer connectivity options such as USB or Bluetooth, allowing you to easily transfer your recordings to other devices or listen to them with compatible accessories.
- Ease of Use: Look for a wrist voice recorder that offers an intuitive and user-friendly interface, enabling you to navigate the device and access its functions seamlessly.
- Size and Design: Consider the size and design of the wrist voice recorder, ensuring it suits your personal style and comfort preferences. Nobody wants a bulky and uncomfortable wrist companion!
- Additional Features: Some wrist voice recorders come with extra features like voice activation, noise cancellation, or audio editing capabilities. Assess if any of these features are important to you.
- Price: Last but not least, consider your budget and find a wrist voice recorder that offers the best value for your money. Remember, the most expensive option isn't necessarily the best choice for your needs.
Types of Wrist Voice Recorders
When exploring wrist voice recorders, you'll come across various types. Let's take a look at the most common ones:
- Digital Wrist Voice Recorders: These recorders offer high-quality digital audio recording and are equipped with storage capabilities for voice notes.
- Smartwatch Integrated Recorders: Some smartwatches, such as those running on operating systems like Wear OS or watchOS, have built-in voice recorder apps or voice control features. These provide basic recording functionalities but may lack advanced features.
- Fitness Trackers with Voice Recording: Certain fitness trackers offer voice recording as an additional feature, allowing you to conveniently capture voice notes during your workouts or outdoor activities.
Tips for Choosing the Perfect Wrist Voice Recorder
To make an informed decision, consider these tips:
- Assess Your Needs: Determine how and where you plan to use the voice recorder. If you require professional-level audio quality, consider a dedicated wrist voice recorder. If occasional voice recording suffices, then a smartwatch or fitness tracker with voice recording capabilities might be suitable.
- Check Compatibility: Ensure the wrist voice recorder you choose is compatible with your existing devices, such as smartphones, tablets, or computers, especially if you plan to transfer or sync your voice recordings.
- Read User Reviews: Take the time to read user reviews to get insights into the product's performance, reliability, and user-friendliness. It's always beneficial to learn from others' experiences.
- Consider Longevity: Opt for a wrist voice recorder from a reputable brand known for producing reliable and durable devices. Investing in quality ensures your voice recorder will last and serve you well for years to come.
- Warranty and Support: Before making a purchase, check if the manufacturer offers a warranty and good customer support. This way, you'll have peace of mind knowing that assistance is available if you encounter any issues.
Frequently Asked Questions about 12 Amazing Wrist Voice Recorder For 2023
Yes, most wrist voice recorders come with built-in speakers or headphone jacks, allowing you to listen to your recordings directly. However, always double-check the product specifications to ensure this feature is available.
Depending on the wrist voice recorder, you can typically transfer recordings using a USB cable or through wireless connectivity options like Bluetooth. Consult the device’s user manual or manufacturer’s website for specific instructions.
The recording time varies depending on the specific model and its battery and storage capacity. For longer recording sessions, consider choosing a wrist voice recorder with a larger storage capacity or ensure it supports external memory cards.
Not all wrist voice recorders are waterproof. If water resistance is essential to you, make sure to check the product specifications for the device’s IPX rating or any mention of water resistance.
Recording phone calls using a wrist voice recorder may not be possible, as it depends on both the recorder’s capabilities and legal restrictions in your region. It’s essential to familiarize yourself with local laws and regulations regarding call recording before attempting to do so.
